Everything about Baron Mulgrave totally explained
Marquess of Normanby is a title that has been created twice, once in the
Peerage of England and once in the
Peerage of the United Kingdom. The first creation came in
1694 in favour of
John Sheffield, 3rd Earl of Mulgrave. In
1703 he was further honoured when he was made
Duke of Buckingham and Normanby. For more information on this creation of the marquessate, see the Duke of Buckingham and Normanby.
The second creation came in the Peerage of the United Kingdom on
25 June,
1838, in favour of
Constantine Henry Phipps, 2nd Earl of Mulgrave. The Phipps family descends from
Sir Constantine Phipps,
Lord Chancellor of Ireland from
1710 to
1714. His son William Phipps married Lady Catherine Annesley, daughter and heiress of James Annesley, 3rd Earl of Anglesey and his wife Lady Catherine Darnley, illegitimate daughter of
King James II by his mistress
Catherine Sedley, Countess of Dorchester. Lady Catherine Darnley later married the aforementioned
John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby.
William Phipps's son
Constantine Phipps was in
1767 raised to the
Peerage of Ireland as
Baron Mulgrave, of New Ross in the County of Wexford. His son, the second Baron, was a politician but is best remembered for his attempted voyage to the
North Pole in
1773. In
1790 he was created
Baron Mulgrave, of Mulgrave in the County of York, in the
Peerage of Great Britain. Lord Mulgrave had no sons and on his death in
1792 the barony of
1790 became extinct. However, he was succeeded in the Irish barony by his younger brother, the third Baron. He was a
General in the Army as well as a prominent politician, and notably served as
Foreign Secretary from
1805 to
1806 and as
First Lord of the Admiralty from
1807 to
1810. In
1794 the barony held by his elder brother was revived when he was made
Baron Mulgrave, of Mulgrave in the County of York, in the Peerage of Great Britain. In
1812 Lord Mulgrave was further honoured when he was made
Viscount Normanby, of Normanby in the County of York, and
Earl of Mulgrave. Both titles were in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.
His eldest son, the second Earl, was also a noted politician and served as
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and as
Home Secretary. In
1838 he was created
Marquess of Normanby, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. He was succeeded by his son, the second Marquess. He was a
Liberal politician and also served as
Governor of New Zealand. His grandson, the fourth Marquess, served briefly as a
Lord-in-Waiting (government whip in the
House of Lords) in
1945 and was also
Lord Lieutenant of the North Riding of Yorkshire and of
North Yorkshire. As of
2007 the titles are held by the latter's eldest son, the fifth Marquess, who succeeded in
1994.
Other members of the family have also gained distinction. The Hon.
Sir Charles Beaumont Phipps, second son of the first Earl, was a prominent court official.
Sir Constantine Edmund Henry Phipps, son of the Hon. Edmund Phipps, third son of the first Earl, was
British Ambassador to Belgium from
1900 to
1906, while his son
Sir Eric Clare Edmund Phipps was
British Ambassador to Germany between
1933 and
1937 and to
France between
1937 and
1939. Also,
Sir William Phipps (or Phips),
Governor of Massachusetts, was a member of another branch of the family.
Marquess of Normanby, First creation (1694)
Barons Mulgrave, First Creation (1767)
Constantine Phipps, 1st Baron Mulgrave (1722-1775)
Constantine John Phipps, 2nd Baron Mulgrave (1744-1792) (created Baron Mulgrave in 1790; title extinct on his death)
Henry Phipps, 3rd Baron Mulgrave (1755-1831) (created Earl of Mulgrave in 1812)
Earls of Mulgrave, Second Creation (1812)
Henry Phipps, 1st Earl of Mulgrave (1755-1831)
Constantine Henry Phipps, 2nd Earl of Mulgrave (1797-1863) (created Marquess of Normanby in 1838)
Marquesses of Normanby, Second Creation (1838)
Constantine Henry Phipps, 1st Marquess of Normanby (1797-1863)
George Augustus Constantine Phipps, 2nd Marquess of Normanby (1819-1890)
Constantine Charles Henry Phipps, 3rd Marquess of Normanby (1846-1932)
Oswald Constantine John Phipps, 4th Marquess of Normanby (1912-1994)
Constantine Edmund Walter Phipps, 5th Marquess of Normanby (b. 1954)
The Heir Apparent is the present holder's eldest son Tomos Phipps, Earl of Mulgrave (b. November 1994), currently at Westminster Under School.
Further Information
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